التصميم الانشائي لانواع البلاطات الخرسانية المسلحة

Abstract

This research began with a general introduction to concrete slabs and their types and a statement of their importance in concrete structures, then the problem of this research was identified in the need to know the difference between the three types of concrete slabs, the solid slab, the flat slab and ribbed (hollow) slab, in terms of the amount of concrete and reinforcement steel required, and the aim of this research is to compare these three types of concrete slabs in terms of the amount of concrete and reinforcement steel required, and then determine the least expensive slab in terms of concrete and reinforcement steel required, With neglect of implementation costs such as carpentry and labor and neglect of the cost of surplus rebar, the methodology that has been followed in this research is that three types of concrete slabs of equal dimensions in addition to the beams are designed manually according to the British code (BS8110) for three administrative buildings, where each building consists of three floors with a height of 3 meters per floor, and each slab consists of 3 spans in both directions with a length of 6 meters per span, This is done by assuming mild exposure conditions, and fire resistance for one hour, where a solid slab and falling beams are designed for the first building, then a flat slab and marginal beams were designed for the second building, then ribbed (hollow bricks) slab and hidden beams were designed for the third building, then a comparison is made between the design results of each of the three types of slabs in terms of the amount of concrete and reinforcement steel required, Then the type of concrete slab is determined less expensive in terms of the amount of concrete and reinforcement steel required, while neglecting implementation costs such as carpentry and labor and neglecting the costs of surplus rebar, This research was divided into 5 chapters, where: The first chapter represents the introduction to the research, as it included a general introduction to the concrete slabs, the problem of the research, its purpose, structure and methodology. The second chapter represents the theoretical framework of the research, where he reviewed detailed information about the components of reinforced concrete began with cement and its types, components and methods of manufacture, then aggregate and its types, sources and advantages, then water and its importance in concrete mixture, then reinforcement steel and its types, advantages and disadvantages, then touches on ordinary concrete and its Characteristic Strength, types, admixtures, stages of manufacture, methods of processing, VI advantages and disadvantages, then dealt with reinforced concrete and showed the compatibility between concrete and reinforcement steel and the importance of concrete cover and the method of determining the lowest thickness of it, Then touched on the definition of loads and their types, then dealt in detail with the stresses and strains in the structural elements such as internal stresses, material resistance, creep, shrinkage and deflection, then touched on reinforced concrete design methods, which are working stresses and limit states design methods, then touched on the types of structural systems in concrete structures, which are the load-bearing walls system and the structural system and the advantages and disadvantages of each, Then he dealt in detail with some types of concrete slabs, namely solid slabs, flat slabs, ribbed (hollow bricks) slabs, cross-beam slabs, precast slabs, prestressed slabs and shell slabs. Then touched on the beams and their types, then dealt with the basic steps in the design of concrete slabs such as assuming the initial dimensions, calculating loads, structural analysis, calculating the amount of reinforcement steel, checking deflection, checking shear and drawing the structural details. The third chapter represents the design, where the solid slab and the fallen beams were designed with the calculation of the amount of reinforcement steel in each, then the flat slab and barefoot beams were designed with the calculation of the amount of reinforcement steel in each, then the ribbed (hollow bricks) slab and hidden beams were designed with the calculation of the amount of reinforcement steel in each. The fourth chapter represents the results and discussion, and included three tables, where the first table showed the results of the design of concrete slabs without the falling beams, and the second table the results of the design of the beams, and the third table the total results of the design of the reinforced concrete slabs and beams, and this chapter also discussed the results of the design and their importance. The fifth chapter represents the conclusion and recommendations, where this research concluded that the ribbed (hollow bricks) slab is the most economical slab in terms of the amount of concrete and reinforcement steel required in an administrative building with a span length of 6 meters, and this research came out with a set of recommendations, which is to conduct more research on the difference between the types of reinforced concrete slabs in terms of the cost of implementation, to conduct more research on other types of concrete slabs in terms of structural behavior, Conducting detailed studies of the surrounding environmental and economic conditions to determine the most suitable concrete slab for each project, and VII conducting further research and innovation in the development of design and implementation techniques to improve the performance and durability of concrete slabs in the future. The research concluded by mentioning all the references on which this research was based.